Sinusitis
Acute sinusitis is often a complication of a cold or upper respiratory infection, where the tissues lining the sinuses become swollen and inflamed, blocking the normal drainage of mucus. This creates an environment where bacteria can rapidly grow. Most cases are treated with oral antibiotics on an outpatient basis. As children grow, their sinuses develop and go through periods where the sinus walls are not fully calcified, making them more vulnerable to certain complications. For instance, periorbital sinusitis can cause swelling around the eye, leading it to swell shut or protrude. Although most of these cases are treated with antibiotics in the hospital, surgery may sometimes be needed.
In tweens and teenagers, the frontal sinuses, located behind the forehead, are still developing. Sinusitis affecting this area can be particularly severe in this age group. Acute sinusitis is most common in otherwise healthy children.
Chronic sinusitis develops when inflammation of the nasal passages persists for an extended period, leading to symptoms like thick nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, fatigue, and cough for three months or longer. Headaches or ear pain may also occur, though they are not always present.
Chronic sinusitis can happen with or without allergies. Structural issues such as enlarged adenoids, swollen nasal turbinates, or a deviated nasal septum can contribute, as can frequent colds and exposure to other children. Because the causes of chronic sinusitis can vary, treatment is customized for each child. If allergies are present, treatment is optimized. Antibiotics may be prescribed for 2–3 weeks if they haven't been used already. We often conducts an initial immune evaluation, and surgery may be considered if necessary.